Erectile dysfunction is a common condition that has numerous possible causes. Treatments and remedies can depend on the underlying cause.

It can be a difficult topic to discuss, but erectile dysfunction (ED) isn’t uncommon. In fact, it’s the most common sexual problem for males. It affects an estimated 30 to 50 million men in the United States and nearly 322 million men globally.

Making lifestyle changes can help improve your ED, but there are some factors you’ll have to discuss with a doctor.

Learn about the causes of ED, also known as impotence, and how you may be able to manage or prevent it.

For some people, sex isn’t as enjoyable as it could be. Factors like depression, stress, fatigue, and sleep disorders can contribute to ED by disrupting feelings of sexual excitement in the brain. While sex can be a stress reliever, ED can add to the stress you’re already experiencing.

Relationship problems can also contribute to ED. Arguments and bad communication can make the bedroom an uncomfortable place. This is why it’s important for couples to communicate openly and honestly with each other.

Tobacco use and other substance overuse can damage the lining of blood vessels and constrict them. Heavy alcohol consumption can make it harder for your body to dilate blood vessels and decrease blood pressure. Both can lead to or worsen ED. Cutting back or quitting entirely can help lesson or stop symptoms.

Obesity is a common factor related to ED. Diabetes, high blood pressure, and heart disease are also tied to obesity and ED. These conditions pose significant health risks and can affect sexual performance.

Cardiovascular exercise like swimming, running, and bicycling help shed pounds and increase oxygen and blood flow throughout the body, including your penis, improving symptoms and erectile function.

ED can be caused by several other physical problems besides obesity and weight-related diseases, including:

Taking certain prescription medications can also lead to ED, such as:

  • blood pressure medications
  • antihistamines
  • antidepressants
  • chemotherapy drugs

Peyronie’s disease involves abnormal curvature of the penis during an erection. This can cause ED as fibrous scar tissue develops under the skin of the penis. Other symptoms of Peyronie’s include pain during an erection and intercourse.

Surgeries or injuries in the pelvic or lower spinal region can also cause ED. You may need medical treatment depending on the physical cause of your ED.

Both medical and surgical treatments for prostate cancer or enlarged prostate can also cause ED.

There are several ways to treat ED besides improving your lifestyle habits. The most common treatment consists of oral medications. Three common medications are:

However, if you’re taking certain other medications or have specific cardiovascular diseases, these medications may not be appropriate for you. Other treatments include:

Medical conditions, lifestyle habits, and stress or anxiety can all lead to ED; however, this condition can often be treated. If ED is affecting your day-to-day life, make an appointment with a medical professional to receive a diagnosis. Your doctor will then be able to suggest the best treatments for you.

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